;reatine in\ustries an\ cudturad tourise `ane becoee strate_ic assets ^or docad econoeies T h e nu mb er and scale of cit ies cont inu e h erit age, act ivit ies and event s are 2 4 y ears old in 2 0 1 4 , a record h igh — and t o grow across t h e glob e — driven b y u rb an grow t h accelerat ors, and play a _loZal literacy `ak iehroved ki_nificantly& rapid u rb aniz at ion in emerging mark et s maj or role in u rb an renew al. In J apan, S t rong economic grow t h and y ou ng and cont inu ed u rb aniz at ion in mat u re t`e GdaiZa artificial ikland Zrin_k popu lat ions are already comb ining mark et s. According t o t h e U nit ed N at ions t oget h er b u siness, leisu re and cu lt u ral t o produ ce a su rge of middle class ( U N ) , 5 4 % of t h e w orld’ s popu lat ion infrast ru ct u re. T h e island’ s t w o mu seu ms consu mers in many emerging mark et s. now lives in cit ies, and b y 2 0 5 0 , t h is and it s cu lt u ral event s ( t h e Comic M ark et N ow h ere is t h is t rend st ronger t h an in proport ion w ill increase t o 6 6 % . In 2 0 1 0 , and G u ndam fest ival at t ract int ernat ional Asia and Africa: t h e rapid emergence 3 6 % of Africans lived in cit ies; b y 2 0 3 0 , gaming, manga and anime ent h u siast s) of Asia’ s middle class is adding a leisu re h alf t h e cont inent ’ s popu lat ion w ill b e u nderpin t h e su ccess and at t ract ions of cent er t o t h e w orld’ s manu fact u ring h u b . u rb an, and b y 2 0 5 0 , 6 ou t of 1 0 Africans t h is T ok y o dist rict . T h e Comic M ark et Already , Asia cou nt s 5 2 5 million middle- are ex pect ed t o b e cit y dw ellers. draw s t w ice a y ear almost 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 class cu lt u ral consu mers. people in a t h ree- day event . In accordance w it h t h eories advanced b y L`e dure o^ cudture T h e S ou t h b y S ou t h w est ( S x S W ) fest ival American economist T h orst ein V eb len, 2 A rich cu lt u ral life h as b ecome a h as pu t Au st in, T ex as, on t h e glob al consu mers are spending money on maj or asset for cou nt ries seek ing cu lt u ral map, at t ract ing more t h an ” lu x u ry ” cu lt u ral goods t o pu b licly display t o at t ract corporat e ex ecu t ives and 3 7 0 , 0 0 0 people in 2 0 1 4 , and generat ing t h eir new fou nd economic pow er. Cu lt u ral t alent ed employ ees — w h o are t y pically U S $ 3 1 5 m for t h e local economy . k now ledge and consu mpt ion h ave k een consu mers of cu lt u re and b ecome a means of enh ancing social ent ert ainment — as w ell as cu lt u re- L`e risin_ ei\\de cdass is `un_rq st at u s. T h is t rend is clearly apparent driven t ou rist s. D eveloping cu lt u ral ^or cudture in India, w h ere rising new spaper sales infrast ru ct u re is especially import ant for reÖect kocial ak oell ak econoeic emerging cou nt ries, w h ich w ill at t ract T h e w orld is y ou ng — 1 . 8 b illion of t h e aspirat ions. more t h an h alf of int ernat ional t ou rist s w orld’ s popu lat ion w as b et w een 1 0 and b y 2 0 3 0 . S ome cit ies are delib erat ely developing cu lt u ral z ones. E x amples inclu de t h e Z orlu Cent er near Ist anb u l, O daib a in T ok y o, W est K ow loon Cu lt u ral D ist rict in H ong K ong, N D S M in Amst erdam and S t rat ford Cit y D evelopment in London. Z orlu Cent er, nine k ilomet ers T w o th irds o f th e from t h e h eart of Ist anb u l, inclu des not only a premiu m sh opping mall global middle class ( 1 0 5 , 0 0 0 sq m) and h ot els, b u t also a large cu lt u ral cent er ( 5 0 , 0 0 0 sq m) will be Asia-Pacific w it h t w o t h eat ers and ex h ib it ion spaces. residents by 2 0 3 0 , T h e inau gu ral season ( 2 0 1 4 – 1 5 ) w as t o inclu de 4 0 0 performances in front of up f ro m j ust under 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 spect at ors. o ne- th ird in 20 0 9 . In F rance, cu lt u re- b ased t ou rism ( fest ivals, live mu sic, operas and galleries, b u t ex clu ding h ist oric sit es) S ou rce: Hitting the sweet spot: the growth of the middle class in emerging markets, E Y , 2 0 1 3 ; S k olk ovo generat ed U S $ 2 . 6 b in 2 0 1 3 . Cu lt u ral Inst it u t e for emerging mark et st u dies 2 0 1 3 2 The theory of the leisure class: an economic st u dy of inst it u t ions, 1 8 9 9 . | ** Cultural times L`e Õrst _dobad eah o^ cudturad an\ creatine in\ustries